Business Functions
- Human Resources
- Sales and Marketing
- Research and Development
- Production/Operations
- Customer Service
- Finance and Accounts
- Administration and IT
Human Resources
- Recruitment and retention
–Job descriptions
–Person Specifications - Dismissal
- Redundancy
- Motivation
- Professional development and training
- Health and safety and conditions at work
- Liaison with trade unions
Sales and Marketing
- Market research
- Promotion strategies
- Pricing strategies
- Sales strategies
- The sales team
- Product – advice on new product development, product improvement, extension strategies, target markets
Research and Development
- New product development
- Product improvements
- Competitive advantage
- Value added
- Product testing
- Efficiency gains
- Cost savings
Production/Operations
- Acquiring resources
- Planning output – labour, capital, land
- Monitoring costs
- Projections on future output
- Production methods
- Efficiency
Customer Service
- Monitoring distribution
- After-sales service
- Handling consumer enquiries
- Offering advice to consumers
- Dealing with customer complaints
- Publicity and public relations
Finance and Accounts
- Cash flow
–Monitoring income/revenue
–Monitoring expenditure - Preparing accounts
- Raising finance
- Links with all other functional areas
Administration and IT
- Managing estates – cleaning, health and safety, maintenance, security
- Reception
- Clerical work – reporting, recording, record keeping, communication
- Overview of quality control
- Use of IT systems
Organisation Charts
Hierarchical Structure
Pyramidal Structure
Centralised/ Entrepreneurial
Matrix Structure
- Changes to business structures
- Linked to new thinking on leadership and management
- Less hierarchical
- Emphasis on communication and collaboration between sections
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